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Chapter 222 — Property Exempt from Creditors

Florida Statute 222.21

“Exemption of pension money and certain tax-exempt funds or accounts from legal processes”

What it means

Section 222.21 exempts money or interests in a fund or account from all claims of creditors of the owner, participant, or beneficiary if the fund or account is maintained under a plan approved or determined by the IRS to be tax-exempt under Internal Revenue Code ss. 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408, 408A, 409, 414, 457(b), or 501(a). A fund outside such a plan can qualify if its holder proves substantial compliance by a preponderance of the evidence.

The exemption does not end at death because of a direct transfer or eligible rollover, including to an inherited IRA under I.R.C. s. 408(d)(3). An interest received in a transfer incident to divorce is also exempt. The paragraph is stated to apply retroactively to inherited IRAs.

Two exceptions: the fund is not exempt from the claims of an alternate payee under a qualified domestic relations order, or from a surviving spouse under an order determining the elective share and contribution under part II of chapter 732. The alternate payee's own interest is exempt from the payee's creditors, other than the Department of Revenue.

Subsection (1) separately protects U.S. pension money received within 3 months before an execution, attachment, or garnishment issues, when shown to be necessary for the debtor's support or for a family supported by it.

— What it says
  • Funds in plans exempt under I.R.C. ss. 401(a), 403(a), 403(b), 408, 408A, 409, 414, 457(b), or 501(a) are exempt from all creditor claims. (§ 222.21(2)(a))
  • A plan need not be covered by ERISA for the exemption to apply. (§ 222.21(2)(b))
  • The exemption continues after the owner's death through a direct transfer or eligible rollover, including to an inherited IRA, retroactively. (§ 222.21(2)(c))
  • Not exempt from a QDRO alternate payee or from a surviving spouse's elective share and contribution order under part II of chapter 732. (§ 222.21(2)(d))
  • U.S. pension money received within 3 months before process issues may not be applied to the pensioner's debts if needed for support. (§ 222.21(1))

Text of the statute (2026)

§ 222.21(1)
(1) Money received by any debtor as pensioner of the United States within 3 months next preceding the issuing of an execution, attachment, or garnishment process may not be applied to the payment of the debts of the pensioner when it is made to appear by the affidavit of the debtor or otherwise that the pension money is necessary for the maintenance of the debtor’s support or a family supported wholly or in part by the pension money. The filing of the affidavit by the debtor, or the making of such proof by the debtor, is prima facie evidence; and it is the duty of the court in which the proceeding is pending to release all pension moneys held by such attachment or garnishment process, immediately, upon the filing of such affidavit or the making of such proof.
§ 222.21(2)(a) (opening)
(2)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (d), any money or other assets payable to an owner, a participant, or a beneficiary from, or any interest of any owner, participant, or beneficiary in, a fund or account is exempt from all claims of creditors of the owner, beneficiary, or participant if the fund or account is:
§ 222.21(2)(c)
(c) Any money or other assets or any interest in any fund or account that is exempt from claims of creditors of the owner, beneficiary, or participant under paragraph (a) does not cease to be exempt after the owner’s death by reason of a direct transfer or eligible rollover that is excluded from gross income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, including, but not limited to, a direct transfer or eligible rollover to an inherited individual retirement account as defined in s. 408(d)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. An interest in any fund or account awarded or received in a transfer incident to divorce described in s. 408(d)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, is exempt upon the interest being awarded or received and continues to be exempt thereafter. This paragraph is intended to clarify existing law, is remedial in nature, and shall have retroactive application to all inherited individual retirement accounts and to each transfer incident to divorce without regard to the date an account was created or the transfer was made.
§ 222.21(2)(d)
(d) Any fund or account described in paragraph (a) is not exempt from the claims of an alternate payee under a qualified domestic relations order or from the claims of a surviving spouse pursuant to an order determining the amount of elective share and contribution as provided in part II of chapter 732. However, the interest of any alternate payee under a qualified domestic relations order is exempt from all claims of any creditor, other than the Department of Revenue, of the alternate payee. As used in this paragraph, the terms “alternate payee” and “qualified domestic relations order” have the meanings ascribed to them in s. 414(p) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

Excerpts are the subsections the summary relies on. Read the full official text of § 222.21.

History. s. 1, ch. 87-375; s. 1, ch. 98-159; s. 25, ch. 99-8; s. 5, ch. 2005-82; s. 1, ch. 2005-101; s. 1, ch. 2007-74; s. 1, ch. 2011-84; s. 1, ch. 2022-167.

— In a Florida probate

How it applies

Section 222.21 is a Florida statute on creditor claims against retirement funds, and it applies to claims against an owner, a participant, or a beneficiary. After the owner's death, the exemption continues for a direct transfer or eligible rollover that is excluded from gross income, including a transfer to an inherited IRA (§ 222.21(2)(c)). A claim by a QDRO alternate payee or a surviving spouse's elective share and contribution order is outside the exemption (§ 222.21(2)(d)). Subsection (1) separately covers U.S. pension money received within 3 months before process issues.

Questions people ask

Are IRAs protected from creditors in Florida?
Funds in accounts maintained under qualifying plans, including IRAs and Roth IRAs under I.R.C. ss. 408 and 408A, are exempt from creditors' claims, except those of a QDRO alternate payee and a surviving spouse's elective share order (s. 222.21(2)).
Is an inherited IRA protected from creditors in Florida?
Section 222.21(2)(c) says an exempt account does not lose the exemption after the owner's death through a direct transfer or eligible rollover to an inherited IRA, and applies this retroactively to all inherited IRAs.

Sources

Last checked: October 17, 2026

The official text
This page is a plain-English summary, verified against the 2026 Florida Statutes — it is not the statute, and it isn't legal advice for your situation.
Read § 222.21

Published by the Probate.Help editorial team.How these pages are written and checked.

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