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Chapter 732 — Wills & Intestate Succession

Florida Statute 732.2035

“Property entering into elective estate”

What it means

The elective share is 30 percent of the elective estate (§ 732.2065). Except as provided in § 732.2045, the elective estate is the sum of the values, determined under § 732.2055, of these interests:

the decedent's probate estate (1); the decedent's interest in protected homestead (2); the decedent's ownership in POD, TOD, in-trust-for or survivorship accounts and securities, counting one-half for tenancy by the entirety (3); the decedent's fractional interest in other joint-tenancy or entirety property (4); property transferred to the extent the transfer was revocable at death (5); transfers in which the decedent kept the right to income or principal, or in which principal could be distributed to the decedent in the discretion of a person other than the decedent's spouse (6); the net cash surrender value of insurance on the decedent's life (7); and survivor benefits under pension, retirement or deferred compensation plans, other than Railroad Retirement and Social Security (8).

It also includes certain property transferred in the 1 year before death, except medical or educational payments and the first annual exclusion amount per donee (9), and property transferred in satisfaction of the elective share (10).

— What it says
  • The elective estate starts with the probate estate and the decedent's interest in protected homestead. (§ 732.2035(1), (2))
  • It includes POD, TOD, In Trust For and survivorship accounts and securities. For tenancy by the entirety, one-half of the value counts. (§ 732.2035(3))
  • It includes the decedent's fractional interest in other joint property and transfers revocable by the decedent at death. (§ 732.2035(4), (5))
  • It includes the net cash surrender value of life insurance on the decedent's life. Proceeds above that value are excluded. (§ 732.2035(7); § 732.2045(1)(d))
  • Survivor benefits under retirement plans count, but Railroad Retirement and Social Security benefits do not. (§ 732.2035(8))
  • Transfers within 1 year before death count, with exceptions for medical or educational expenses and annual exclusion amounts. (§ 732.2035(9)(b))

Text of the statute (2026)

§ 732.2035 (introduction and (1)-(3))
Except as provided in s. 732.2045, the elective estate consists of the sum of the values as determined under s. 732.2055 of the following property interests: (1) The decedent’s probate estate. (2) The decedent’s interest in property which constitutes the protected homestead of the decedent. (3) The decedent’s ownership interest in accounts or securities registered in “Pay On Death,” “Transfer On Death,” “In Trust For,” or co-ownership with right of survivorship form. For this purpose, “decedent’s ownership interest” means, in the case of accounts or securities held in tenancy by the entirety, one-half of the value of the account or security, and in all other cases, that portion of the accounts or securities which the decedent had, immediately before death, the right to withdraw or use without the duty to account to any person.
§ 732.2035(4)-(5)
(4) The decedent’s fractional interest in property, other than property described in subsection (3) or subsection (8), held by the decedent in joint tenancy with right of survivorship or in tenancy by the entirety. For this purpose, “decedent’s fractional interest in property” means the value of the property divided by the number of tenants. (5) That portion of property, other than property described in subsections (2) and (3), transferred by the decedent to the extent that at the time of the decedent’s death the transfer was revocable by the decedent alone or in conjunction with any other person. This subsection does not apply to a transfer that is revocable by the decedent only with the consent of all persons having a beneficial interest in the property.
§ 732.2035(6)(a)
(6)(a) That portion of property, other than property described in subsection (2), subsection (4), subsection (5), or subsection (8), transferred by the decedent to the extent that at the time of the decedent’s death: 1. The decedent possessed the right to, or in fact enjoyed the possession or use of, the income or principal of the property; or 2. The principal of the property could, in the discretion of any person other than the spouse of the decedent, be distributed or appointed to or for the benefit of the decedent. In the application of this subsection, a right to payments under a commercial or private annuity, an annuity trust, a unitrust, or a similar arrangement shall be treated as a right to that portion of the income of the property necessary to equal the annuity, unitrust, or other payment.
§ 732.2035(7)-(8)
(7) The decedent’s beneficial interest in the net cash surrender value immediately before death of any policy of insurance on the decedent’s life. (8) The value of amounts payable to or for the benefit of any person by reason of surviving the decedent under any public or private pension, retirement, or deferred compensation plan, or any similar arrangement, other than benefits payable under the federal Railroad Retirement Act or the federal Social Security System. In the case of a defined contribution plan as defined in s. 414(i) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, this subsection shall not apply to the excess of the proceeds of any insurance policy on the decedent’s life over the net cash surrender value of the policy immediately before the decedent’s death.
§ 732.2035(9)(b)
(b) Any transfer of property to the extent not otherwise included in the elective estate, made to or for the benefit of any person, except: 1. Any transfer of property for medical or educational expenses to the extent it qualifies for exclusion from the United States gift tax under s. 2503(e) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended; and 2. After the application of subparagraph 1., the first annual exclusion amount of property transferred to or for the benefit of each donee during the 1-year period, but only to the extent the transfer qualifies for exclusion from the United States gift tax under s. 2503(b) or (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term “annual exclusion amount” means the amount of one annual exclusion under s. 2503(b) or (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended.
§ 732.2035(10)
(10) Property transferred in satisfaction of the elective share.

Excerpts are the subsections the summary relies on. Read the full official text of § 732.2035.

History. s. 15, ch. 75-220; s. 3, ch. 99-343; s. 20, ch. 2001-226; s. 10, ch. 2007-74; s. 2, ch. 2017-121.

— In a Florida probate

How it applies

The probate inventory is the starting point of an elective-share calculation, not the whole base. Trust statements, account titling, beneficiary designations, life insurance cash values, retirement plan benefits and a year of gift history all bear on the elective estate.

Section 732.2045 excludes some interests, including transfers made for adequate consideration, transfers made with the spouse's written consent, and life insurance proceeds above the net cash surrender value. The 30 percent figure applies to the resulting base.

Questions people ask

Does a living trust avoid the elective share in Florida?
Generally not. Under Florida Statute 732.2035(5), property transferred by the decedent is included to the extent the transfer was revocable at death, along with POD accounts, joint property and certain transfers within 1 year of death.

Sources

Last checked: October 17, 2026

The official text
This page is a plain-English summary, verified against the 2026 Florida Statutes — it is not the statute, and it isn't legal advice for your situation.
Read § 732.2035

Published by the Probate.Help editorial team.How these pages are written and checked.

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